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The Shih Tzu is a popular toy dog breed that originated from Tibet, and it’s believed to be a result of breeding between the Pekingese and Lhasa Apso breeds.
With their soft and long double coat, floppy ears, and short and stout posture, Shih Tzus are known for their cute appearance and friendly demeanor.
These little dogs make wonderful companions, as they have a playful personality and a calm temperament.
As you get to know this breed, it’s essential to be aware of their unique characteristics.
These toy dogs enjoy cuddling on laps and snuggling into soft pillows, making them excellent pets for seniors or people who simply love to lavish affection on their pets.
Most Shih Tzus are friendly or at least polite with strangers, and they can develop trusting relationships with humans through proper socialization.
Meeting the grooming and healthcare needs of your dog is important to keep them happy and healthy.
Their long, double coat requires regular brushing and grooming to avoid tangles and maintain a sleek appearance.
Also, be mindful of common health issues and how to prevent them, ensuring that your beloved pet gets to enjoy a comfortable and enriching life by your side.
History
The Shih Tzu is an ancient purebred dog breed with origins that can be traced back to Tibet as early as 600 AD.
It is believed to be one of the oldest dog breeds in the world today, with its ancestry being linked to the lion-like Tibetan holy dogs known as foo.
They can be found in history as the esteemed companions of Chinese emperors and were so prized that, for years, the Chinese refused to sell, trade, or give any away.
One theory suggests that the Shih Tzu descended from a cross between the Pekingese and the Lhasa Apso, two other ancient breeds that share similar physical characteristics with the Shih Tzu.
The name Shih Tzu itself translates to “little lion” in Chinese, and this “lion dog” label is attributed to the luxurious mane-like hair found on the breed.
Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, the breed gradually made its way to Europe, where it gained popularity among the aristocracy and the general public.
These dogs made it to the United States by the late 1930s. Today, the Shih Tzu is a popular breed worldwide and recognized by various kennel clubs, including the American Kennel Club, which classifies it under the Toy group.
Modern Shih Tzus are known for their affectionate, outgoing, and loyal temperament, making them excellent family pets and companion dogs.
Their unique history highlights the incredible journey of this ancient and beloved breed.
Physical Characteristics
Shih Tzu, often called the “little lion,” has attributes similar to other toy breeds such as Pekingese and Lhasa Apso.
In this section, you will learn about the notable physical characteristics of Shih Tzu dogs.
Height Male
Males typically stand around 8 to 11 inches tall at the shoulder.
Their compact size and sturdy build make them well-suited for families with limited space.
Height Female
Females have a similar height range as males, usually standing between 8 and 11 inches at the shoulder.
Weight Male
A healthy adult male usually weighs between 9 to 16 pounds.
Keeping your dog within this weight range through proper nutrition and exercise is essential to their overall health.
Weight Female
Females have a weight range almost identically to males, ranging from 9 to 16 pounds.
Eye Colors
They typically have dark, round eyes that convey an intelligent and friendly expression.
Coat Colors
They are known for their long, luxurious coats that come in a wide range of colors, including:
- Gold
- White
- Brindle
- Red
- Silver
- Additionally, they can be found in various combinations and patterns.
- Regardless of the coat color, this breed always manages to put forth an air of elegance and pride.
Coat Types
As mentioned earlier, Shih Tzus have a long double coat. This coat requires regular grooming and maintenance to keep it in good condition and prevent matting.
You might also opt for a “puppy cut” haircut, which is shorter and makes grooming more manageable for busy families.
Life Expectancy
The life expectancy of a well-cared-for dog ranges from 10 to 16 years.
Providing your dog with proper nutrition, exercise, and regular checkups with a veterinarian will help ensure that they live a long and happy life.
Temperament and Training
Shih Tzu, often known as the “Chrysanthemum Dog” or “Little Lion,” is a toy dog breed known for its friendly and affectionate nature.
They are small dogs with a short muzzle. These charming dogs are adaptable and can adjust well to various living environments.
They make great companions for families, singles, and seniors alike.
When it comes to temperament, Shih Tzus are generally outgoing, affectionate, and sociable.
They are low-sensitivity dogs and they enjoy being around people and usually get along well with other pets.
Their loving nature makes them great for therapy purposes, as they can easily bond with people.
They require moderate exercise but due to being brachycephalic, they have difficulty regulating their temperature and are prone to heat stroke in warm weather.
Training a Shih Tzu can be a bit challenging due to their strong-willed and sometimes stubborn behavior. However, with consistent training and positive reinforcement, they can be great learners.
Like the Pekingese and Lhasa Apso, Shih Tzus respond well to reward-based training methods.
Here are a few key training tips for your Shih Tzu:
- Patience: Shih Tzus can be stubborn learners, so it is essential to be patient while training them. Give them time to understand your commands and ensure that you are consistent in your expectations and rewards.
- Socialization: Early socialization with other dogs and people is crucial for your Shih Tzu puppy to develop a well-rounded temperament. Expose them to a variety of environments, situations, and people to build their confidence and adaptability.
- Positive Reinforcement: Shih Tzus respond well to positive reinforcement, such as praising and giving treats when they perform a desired behavior. This method helps to motivate them and keeps training sessions engaging.
- House training: Establish a consistent schedule for meals, play, and sleep for your Shih Tzu. This routine will help them adjust to their new environment and make house training more manageable.
- Basic commands: Teach your Shih Tzu basic commands, such as sit, stay, come, and heel. These commands form the foundation for any additional training you may want to pursue.
Remember, Shih Tzus are intelligent and eager to please their owners, making them excellent companions with proper training and care.
By understanding their personality and providing a suitable training environment, you can bring out the best in your lovable little dog.
Health Issues
Shih Tzus are generally considered a healthy breed, but like any dog, they can be prone to certain health issues.
The following are some common health problems your Shih Tzu may encounter:
Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome
This issue is common among breeds with short faces, such as Shih Tzus, Pekingese, and Lhasa Apso.
Due to their flat facial structure, they are more likely to have breathing troubles, which can lead to severe symptoms like loud, pronounced noises during breathing.
Eye Problems
Shih Tzus have large, sensitive eyes which can make them susceptible to various eye-related conditions and diseases.
These issues can include cherry eye, corneal ulcers, and progressive retinal atrophy.
Regular eye check-ups with your veterinarian can help you detect these conditions early and provide the necessary treatment.
Ear Infections
Due to their floppy ears, Shih Tzus are prone to ear infections.
Cleaning your Shih Tzu’s ears regularly and keeping them dry can help prevent infection.
If you notice excessive head shaking or an unpleasant smell coming from your dog’s ears, it is best to consult a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Liver Problems
Portosystemic shunt is a common liver issue that Shih Tzus may develop.
Symptoms of this condition can include loss of appetite, weakness, and weight loss.
If you suspect your Shih Tzu has a liver issue, consult your veterinarian for proper examination and treatment.
Skin Problems
Shih Tzus can experience various skin issues, such as allergies, yeast infections, and sebaceous adenitis.
These problems can cause itching, skin irritations, and hair loss.
Regular grooming and keeping your dog’s skin clean can help prevent skin issues.
If any skin problem persists, consult your veterinarian for diagnosis and treatment.
Underbite and Dental Disease
An underbite (also known as reverse scissor bite) is a genetic trait common in Shih Tzus.
While it does not usually cause health concerns, an extreme underbite can lead to dental issues such as uneven tooth wear or difficulty chewing.
Regular dental check-ups can help you monitor your Shih Tzu’s oral health.
Dental disease (Periodontal Disease) is a common issue in Shih Tzus, emphasizing the need for diligent oral care.
Due to their brachycephalic facial structure, Shih Tzus are prone to dental problems such as overcrowded teeth and misalignment.
These conditions can contribute to the accumulation of plaque and tartar, leading to gingivitis and potential tooth loss.
Regular tooth brushing, dental chews, and professional cleanings are essential to maintain optimal oral health in Shih Tzus.
Pet owners should be vigilant for signs of dental issues, including bad breath, swollen gums, and difficulty eating, and seek veterinary care promptly.
Patellar Luxation
Patellar luxation, a common orthopedic concern, can impact Shih Tzus.
This condition involves the displacement of the kneecap, leading to discomfort and mobility issues.
Shih Tzus with patellar luxation may exhibit intermittent lameness, occasional skipping, or hind limb weakness.
The severity of the condition varies, with some cases requiring veterinary intervention.
In milder instances, weight management to avoid weight gain and joint supplements may be recommended, while surgical correction may be necessary for more severe cases.
Regular veterinary check-ups are crucial for monitoring and addressing patellar luxation in Shih Tzus, ensuring their continued comfort and well-being.
Keeping a close eye on your Shih Tzu’s health and maintaining regular visits to your veterinarian are good habits to ensure that any potential health issues are addressed promptly, helping your furry friend to lead a happy and healthy life.
Grooming
Brushing
As pet parents, it’s essential to regularly brush your Shih Tzu’s long coat to prevent tangles and mats. You can use a standard wire or slicker brush to gently work from the bottom up, brushing in downward strokes.
Focus on problem areas, such as under the front legs and around the ears, as they tend to mat easily.
Brushing should be done at least a few times a week, or daily if possible.
Bathing
To maintain a clean and healthy coat, bathe your Shih Tzu every three to four weeks using a dog shampoo and conditioner.
To get deep down to the skin and give an incredible massage try this ELEGX Pet Grooming Bath Massager.
Make sure to rinse thoroughly to avoid leaving any residue, which can irritate your dog’s skin.
If your dog has itchy skin check out this article on shampoos for dogs with itchy skin.
After bathing, use a towel and a hairdryer set on a cool setting to dry their coat.
Cutting Fur/Hair
Trimming your Shih Tzu’s hair is an important part of their grooming routine.
Regular trims will keep their coat neat and prevent matting.
Make sure to have a pair of sharp scissors, on hand.
Focus on areas like the paws, face, and sanitary areas.
You can also learn step-by-step grooming instructions to achieve professional results at home.
Clipping or Grinding Nails
Keeping your dog’s nails at an appropriate length will prevent discomfort and potential injuries.
Use a nail trimmer or grinder specifically designed for dogs.
Trim their nails every few weeks, and be cautious not to cut the quick, which can cause pain and bleeding.
If you accidentally cut the quick, apply styptic powder to instantly stop the bleeding.
If you are really nervous to trim or grind your dog’s nails check out our articles on How to Grind Your Dog’s Nails and How to Clip Your Dog’s Nails.
Dental Care
Maintaining your dog’s dental hygiene is crucial for their overall health.
Brush their teeth regularly using dog-specific toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush.
You can also provide dental chews to help reduce plaque buildup.
GREENIES Original Regular Natural Dog Dental Care Chews is one well-known brand. These may cause allergies since they include wheat and wheat gluten. The Nylabone Nutri Dent Natural Dental Chew Treats are another well-liked type that also incorporates wheat.
Cleaning Ears
Similar to Pekingese and Lhasa Apsos, they have floppy ears, which can be prone to infections.
Regularly inspect your dog’s ears for any signs of discharge or inflammation.
Use a cotton bud and a piece of cloth to gently clean the outer ear area. Be mindful not to insert the cotton bud deep into the ear canal, as it may cause injury.
Pet MD Ear Cleaning wipes are a convenient and easy solution to make it a more pleasant situation.
Owning
Cost of Purchase
Purchasing a Shih puppy can vary in price depending on factors such as age, pedigree, and breeder reputation.
On average, expect to pay between $500 and $1,500 for a Shih Tzu puppy from a reputable breeder.
However, you might find prices higher for show-quality dogs with a champion lineage.
Keep in mind that the Shih Tzu is a toy dog breed closely related to the Pekingese and Lhasa Apso, also known as a lion dog.
Maintenance Costs (Special Training, Medical Costs, Grooming)
When it comes to maintenance costs, Shih Tzus are relatively low-maintenance. However, they do require some special care:
- Training: Shih Tzus are intelligent dogs, making them fairly easy to train. Basic training and socialization should be started early, but no special training is necessary unless you plan to participate in dog sports or competitions.
- Medical costs: Shih Tzus are generally healthy dogs, but like any breed, they can have medical issues. Some potential concerns include eye problems, hip dysplasia, and allergies. Regular vet visits will help catch any issues early on.
- Grooming: Shih Tzus have long, flowing coats that require consistent grooming. Expect to brush your dog’s coat daily to avoid tangles and mats, and trim or clip the hair every few weeks. Professional grooming services may be necessary every 4-6 weeks, which can range between $30 and $100 per visit, depending on the location and specific services.
Adopting a Dog
If you prefer not to purchase your dog from a breeder, adoption is a great option.
Rescuing a dog not only gives a deserving pet a loving home but can also be more affordable than buying from a breeder.
Adoption fees typically range from $100 to $400, including spay/neuter, vaccinations, and microchipping. Look for local Shih Tzu, Pekingese, or Lhasa Apso rescue organizations to find the right dog for you.
Finding Reputable Breeders
To ensure you’re buying a healthy and well-bred Shih Tzu puppies, it’s important to find a reputable breeder.
Start by contacting local kennel clubs, as they often maintain lists of reputable breeders in the area.
Additionally, attend dog shows and speak to participants to get recommendations.
A good breeder will be knowledgeable about the breed, provide a clean and safe environment for their dogs, and be willing to answer all your questions.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do you correctly pronounce the name of the breed?
The correct pronunciation of the breed’s name is “sheed-zoo.” This emphasizes both syllables evenly and avoids any mispronunciations commonly associated with the name.
What is the typical life expectancy of a Shih Tzu?
A Shih Tzu has a typical life expectancy of 10 to 16 years. Proper care, a healthy diet, and regular checkups at the vet can contribute to a Shih Tzu living a longer, healthier life.
What considerations should be taken into account before getting a Shih Tzu?
Before getting a Shih Tzu, you should consider factors like potential health issues, grooming needs, and exercise requirements.
Some Shih Tzus can have physical imperfections that can affect their health, so it’s essential to be aware of these potential issues.
Shih Tzus are also known to have high grooming needs due to their long, silky coats.
Keep in mind that while Shih Tzus are relatively low-energy dogs, they still need regular exercise to remain healthy.
What was the original purpose of Shih Tzus?
They originated in China as a royal companion dog.
They have a history of association with Chinese royalty, specifically Empress Tzu Hsi.
Known as “Chrysanthemum dogs” due to the unique way their facial hair grows, these adorable dogs were kept by Chinese nobility as treasured pets and companions.
How much does an average Shih Tzu weigh?
The average Shih Tzu weighs between 9 to 16 pounds.
These adorable dogs are considered a toy breed, making them an ideal choice for those who want a small, affectionate pet.
What are the typical personality traits of a Shih Tzu?
These dogs are known for their sweet-natured temperament and playful personalities.
They are typically friendly, affectionate, and eager to please, which makes them great companions.
Shih Tzus are also known to be less demanding and less yappy compared to other toy breeds.
They enjoy spending time with their owners, whether it’s cuddling on the couch or playing in the yard.
Conclusion: Bottom Line on the Shih Tzu
Shih Tzu is a small toy dog breed that originated in China, sharing some commonalities with breeds like Pekingese and Lhasa Apso.
This breed is known for its long, silky coat, and friendly personality. Shih Tzus usually weigh around 9 to 16 pounds and have a height of about 9 to 10 inches.
With a confident and elegant demeanor, Shih Tzus are less demanding and yappy than other toy breeds.
They love to play, but due to their size, they don’t require an excessive amount of exercise. Shih Tzus enjoy comfort and attention, making them excellent cuddle buddies.
When considering the Shih Tzu breed, it’s essential to be aware of some of the potential health issues.
One common problem is Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome.
This condition is a result of their short faces, making them susceptible to breathing difficulties.
In terms of temperament, this breed is spirited, yet sweet-natured.
Shih Tzus often carry themselves with pride and typically get along well with people of all ages.
As with any breed, proper training and socialization are key to developing a well-behaved dog.
In conclusion, the Shih Tzu is an excellent choice for those seeking a small, friendly, and relatively low-maintenance companion dog.
Their unique appearance, lovable personality, and compatibility with various household dynamics make them a popular choice for dog enthusiasts.
If you’re considering welcoming a Shih Tzu to your home, be prepared to embrace a loyal and affectionate new family member!
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